"Approximately 85% of dysphagia cases are neurogenic, meaning they result from neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, ALS, or traumatic brain injury."
Health and Speech PLLC provides licensed speech-language pathology services in Suffolk County, Long Island specializing in the treatment of dysphagia (swallowing disorder) following stroke and neurological conditions. Therapy focuses on evidence-based approaches to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing and improve airway protection during meals. Treatment may include traditional swallow exercises, compensatory strategies, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation using AmpCare ESP™ to activate and rehabilitate the swallowing mechanism. Each program is customized to the patient’s needs and includes carryover exercises updated frequently to support progress and maintain function outside of therapy, promoting safer, more efficient eating and drinking while enhancing overall quality of life.
Dysphagia "Swallowing Disorder"
Causes, Symptoms, and Common challenges of Dysphagia
Causes
Dysphagia can result from a variety of underlying conditions that affect the muscles and structures used for swallowing. Common causes include neurological disorders such as stroke or Parkinson’s disease, muscle disorders, and structural issues within the throat or esophagus. It may also occur following surgical complications or as a result of aging-related changes in the swallowing muscles. In some cases, radiation therapy targeting the throat or neck can lead to swallowing difficulties due to tissue changes or scarring.
Symptoms
The symptoms of dysphagia vary depending on severity but often include coughing or choking during meals, a sensation of food “sticking” in the throat, and pain when swallowing. Some individuals may experience drooling or poor control of saliva, which can further impact comfort and safety. Unexplained weight loss is another common sign, often due to reduced intake or difficulty maintaining nutrition. In severe cases, dysphagia can lead to frequent pneumonia as a result of aspiration, when food or liquid enters the airway.
Common Challenges
Living with dysphagia can present multiple challenges for both the individual and their caregivers. Difficulty swallowing increases the risk of malnutrition and dehydration, and in some cases, choking or aspiration pneumonia may occur. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease (LPR) are also frequently associated with swallowing problems. Beyond the physical complications, dysphagia can contribute to frustration, anxiety, and depression, while placing additional responsibility and emotional strain on caregivers.
Professionals involved
The management of dysphagia often requires a team approach. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are central to diagnosing and treating swallowing disorders through targeted therapy and diet modifications. They work to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing and teach strategies to improve safety during meals. Gastroenterologists or ENT specialists may also be involved in evaluation and treatment, performing medical or surgical interventions when necessary to address structural or physiological causes of dysphagia.